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In information technology, a protocol (from the Greek protocollon, which was a leaf of paper glued to a manuscript volume, describing its contents) is the special set of rules that end points in a telecommunication connection use when they communicate. Protocols exist at several levels in a telecommunication connection. For example, there are protocols for the data interchange at the hardware device level and protocols for data interchange at the application program level. In the standard model known as Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), there are one or more protocols at each layer in the telecommunication exchange that both ends of the exchange must recognize and observe. Protocols are often described in an industry or international standard. On the Internet, there are the TCP/IP protocols, consisting of: There are many other Internet protocols, such as the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) and the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
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Getting started with protocols |
| To explore how protocols is used in the enterprise, here are some additional resources: |
Guide to Internet Protocol
In networking and communications, a protocol is the formal specification that defines the procedures that must be followed when transmitting or receiving data. Protocols define the format, timing, sequence, and error checking used on the network. This 10-part series includes information on the most common TCP/IP networking protocols.
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Test your TCP/IP protocol stack to troubleshoot network connectivity
Troubleshoot Windows network connectivity by verifying problems on the TCP/IP protocol stack. Test host name resolution, ping DNS server and default gateways and more in this tip.
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IP addressing and subnetting fundamentals
Our IP addressing and subnetting crash course provides an overview of IP addressing-related topics, including IPv4 and IPv6, subnetting, DHCP, and calculating subnet masks.
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Last updated on: Aug 03, 2009
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